model

How to Get Customer Decisions on Time: Selections, Deadlines, and What They Block

A customer decision is an unanswered question the job needs resolved. What every decision request includes, when to ask, when a selection becomes a change order, what to send when an answer is late, and the published bathroom worked through six decisions.

Direct answer: A customer decision is an unanswered question that the job needs resolved: which tile, where the niche goes, whether the old window stays, which fixture gets ordered. Do not leave it buried in texts or phone calls. Every open decision should say: what needs deciding; what the customer or contractor needs to know to answer it; who owes the next answer; when the answer is needed; what work waits for it. The rule that protects you is simple: Every open decision names what is needed, who owes the answer, when it is needed, and what waits until it is answered. A decision record is not a change order. If the answer changes the signed scope, price or contractual time, stop there and use a signed change order before the changed work.

The assumptions

This model assumes

  • A residential contractor (remodeling, specialty trade, service or new construction), solo or with a small crew and trade subs
  • The worked example is the published 5x8 bathroom; its dates are illustrations, not standard selection lead times
  • Sample language is a drafting example, not legal advice; how customer-caused decisions affect contractual time is set by your contract and state law

The model, step by step

1Where a customer decision sits

Several project records can look similar. They do different jobs.

A customer decision against the records it gets confused with
RecordWhat it is for
Customer decisionAn unanswered project question that somebody needs to resolve by a useful date
SelectionA type of decision about a product, material, color, finish or configuration
Project updateNews that needs no answer
AllowanceMoney already carried in the signed agreement for an unsettled selection
Change orderA signed amendment when the answer changes scope, price or contractual time
MilestoneAn objectively identifiable event that another action depends on
Jobsite scheduleWho is doing what, and when
ProposalThe signed scope, price, payment schedule and terms governing the job

The decision record asks a question and preserves the answer. It does not change the agreement.

That distinction matters. "Which grout color do you want?" can be a decision. "Add a second shower niche" changes the work. That goes through a change order before the changed work starts.

A project update is different again. "Cabinets arrived today" needs no answer. Put news like that in the customer update, not in Decisions needed.

2What every decision request includes

A useful decision request has five parts.

The five parts of a decision request
PartWhat it answers
What needs decidingWhat exact question is open?
DetailWhat does the customer need to know to make a useful choice?
Needed byWhat is the latest useful date for the answer?
BlocksWhat cannot proceed safely or efficiently without it?
Waiting onWho owns the next answer: the customer or the contractor?

One decision should contain one answer.

"Bathroom selections" is too broad. Tile can be decided while the vanity is still open. If they live in one request, you cannot tell what has actually been settled.

WriteShower niche location · Floor tile selection · Vanity faucet · Wall paint color
Instead ofFinish bathroom selections

The Blocks field is what turns a reminder into a production record.

"Needed by October 19" tells you when an answer was due.

"Blocks waterproofing and tile layout" tells you why it mattered.

If a disagreement later develops about why the work moved, the useful history is not merely that the customer had an unanswered question. It is that the question was posted on a date, needed by a date, and identified the work waiting behind it.

3When to ask

There is no universal number of days before construction when every selection should be due.

Work backward from the work that needs the answer.

For a field decision:

Work that needs the answer → latest useful decision date

For something that must be purchased:

Installation → delivery → ordering → customer decision

The needed-by date is the point where waiting longer starts to threaten the work behind it. It is not simply the day you would like an answer.

Michael C. Stone, a builder and remodeler with more than six decades in the industry and author of Profitable Sales: A Contractor's Guide and Estimating Construction Profitably, recommends prioritizing selections according to the job schedule. He also argues against putting decisions off when they can reasonably be settled earlier.

That does not mean asking the customer to choose everything on day one.

Ask early whenthe item has to be ordered; the answer changes rough work; another trade depends on it; the selection affects dimensions or installation; the choice could change the signed scope or price.
Wait whenthe choice does not affect earlier work; the customer needs information that does not exist yet; making the decision now would force them to guess.

Example

Needed by"We need the shower niche location by October 19 because waterproofing and tile layout follow it."

The date is an illustration. The method is the rule.

4Pick one or open answer

Do not make a customer solve a design problem you can narrow for them.

Use Pick one when there is a short list of real choices:

Pick oneShower niche location · "Which location do you want?" · Back wall · Side wall

"Back wall is easier to reach. Side wall keeps the niche farther out of the direct spray."

Michael C. Stone's selection method in Profitable Sales, Chapter 5, is to help an indecisive customer by narrowing the question and often presenting two useful choices at a time instead of an overwhelming list.

That does not mean every Clamp decision must contain exactly two options. Two is Stone's sales method, not a software rule or industry benchmark.

Use Open answer when you genuinely need information rather than a choice you can predefine:

Open answerPowder room paint color · "Please send the manufacturer and color name you want us to use."

Or:

Open answerExisting window · "Do you want the existing window to remain, or would you like us to price replacing it?"

If replacing it would alter the signed scope, the answer is not authorization to install a new window. It tells you to prepare a change order.

5Decision, allowance or change order?

Use the smallest record that actually has the authority you need.

Which record to use
SituationUse
Customer chooses between products already covered by the signed scope and priceDecision
Customer chooses the final item within an allowanceDecision, then reconcile the allowance under the signed agreement
Selection changes the sold priceChange order
Selection adds or removes workChange order
Customer changes a specification already in the contractChange order
Contractor only needs to tell the customer somethingProject update
Contractor owes the next answer, such as a sub price or technical recommendationDecision, Waiting on us

Stone discusses unsettled selections and allowances in Estimating Construction Profitably, Chapter 15. He recommends getting selections settled before contracting where practical, and using clearly defined allowances when a decision genuinely cannot be made before the contract.

The allowance does not replace the decision record. One says what money the agreement carries. The other records what the customer eventually chose.

And neither replaces a change order.

A change, however small, gets its own signed change order before the changed work.

If removed work is part of that change, the credit follows the change order guide. If the customer is selecting within a signed allowance, follow the allowance terms already in the proposal.

6When a decision is late

Do not turn an overdue decision into an argument. State the record.

Clamp emails the customer once, when you post the decision, with its needed-by date. It does not send reminders after that, so the follow-up is yours: send it before the date if the answer is close to holding up work, and again when the date passes.

Late decision"The shower niche location was needed by October 19 because waterproofing and tile layout depend on it. We still need your answer. Until it is resolved, those items cannot be finalized."

If the schedule has already been affected:

Schedule effect"Because the niche location was still open when waterproofing was due to proceed, that work has moved. We will update the job schedule once the decision is resolved."

Do not invent a universal penalty such as "every customer delay moves the project one day."

Your contract decides how customer-caused decisions affect contractual time, notices and any related cost. Have that language reviewed for your state.

The operational record should establish: when the question was posted; when the answer was needed; what it blocked; who owed the answer; when the answer arrived; what actually changed in the schedule.

Then update the jobsite schedule to reflect what really moved.

An overdue decision is also different from an overdue change order. If the customer has chosen something that requires a change to the agreement, the next blocker is the signed change order, not merely the customer's portal answer.

7Close the decision

A customer answer is not always the end of the record.

After the answer comes in, review it and resolve the decision with a short note that states the final result.

Resolution note"Customer chose the niche on the back wall."

Or:

Resolution note"Customer chose white wall tile, model WT-14."

The resolution note should be the clean answer a person can understand later without rereading the whole discussion.

Withdraw a decision when the question no longer matters:

Withdraw"Existing window will remain. Replacement is no longer being considered."

If the customer changes their mind after the decision is resolved, first ask whether the new answer changes the agreement.

Same scope and price, and production can still use the new answerPost a new decision for the new answer and leave the resolved one as it was.
Scope, price or contractual time changesUse a signed change order before changed work.
Work has already been performedDo not quietly overwrite the old answer. Preserve what was originally decided and document the new request separately.

That protects the history.

8Worked example: the 5×8 bathroom

This is the published 5×8 bathroom. The dates below are illustrations showing the decision process, not standard selection lead times.

Decisions on the published 5×8 bathroom (dates are illustrations)
DecisionNeeded by, illustrationBlocksWaiting onOutcome
Shower niche locationOct. 19Waterproofing and tile layoutCustomerBack wall chosen, resolved
Floor tileOct. 20Tile ordering and floor installationCustomerSelected on time, resolved
Vanity faucetOct. 21Final plumbing fixture orderingCustomerCustomer asks for a different model that changes price, moved to change order
Grout colorOct. 28Grouting and tile completionCustomerAnswer arrives late, tile completion moves
Paint colorOct. 30Finish paintingCustomerResolved before painting
Mirror mounting heightNov. 3Finish installationUsContractor confirms height after vanity and fixture layout

Decision 1: niche location

The contractor posts:

What needs decidingShower niche location
Detail"Back wall is easier to reach. Side wall stays farther out of the direct spray."
Needed byOct. 19, illustration
BlocksWaterproofing and tile layout
Waiting onCustomer

The customer chooses Back wall.

Resolution:

"Back wall niche confirmed."

No price or scope changed. No change order is needed.

Decision 2: faucet becomes a change order

The signed job carries the agreed faucet or allowance terms. The customer answers with a different fixture that changes what is being purchased and raises the sold price.

The portal answer records what they want. It does not authorize the change.

The contractor replies:

"I have your faucet choice. It changes the signed price, so I'll send a change order for it before we order the new fixture."

The decision has done its job. The contractual change now belongs in the change order.

Decision 3: grout color goes overdue

The grout color is posted with a needed-by date and:

BlocksGrouting and tile completion

The date passes without an answer. Clamp now shows the decision as overdue.

The contractor sends:

"We still need the grout color. It was needed today because grouting and tile completion follow it. Until it is resolved, those items cannot be completed."

When the answer comes in, resolve it and update the jobsite schedule for whatever actually moved.

The useful record is not "the customer was late."

It is:

asked → needed by → blocked → answered → resolved → schedule updated

What it means

What this saysThe useful record is asked, needed by, blocked, answered, resolved, schedule updated. A decision record is not a change order. If the answer changes the signed scope, price or contractual time, use a signed change order before the changed work.
Every open decision names what is needed, who owes the answer, when it is needed, and what waits until it is answered.

Customer decisions in Clamp

On each job, Decisions needed keeps unanswered project questions in one place. The customer sees the same section in the customer portal on Assistant. For each decision, write what needs deciding, the detail the customer needs, either a list of choices or an open answer, an optional Needed by date, what the decision Blocks, and whether it is Waiting on the customer or Waiting on us. A decision stays Draft until you post it. Posting emails the customer, with the needed-by date if you set one. After posting, Clamp derives its status: Waiting on customer, Waiting on us, Overdue, Resolved or Withdrawn. The customer answers in the portal, and Clamp emails you that a project decision was answered. You then resolve it with an optional note recording what was decided, or withdraw it. Clamp keeps the posted, answered, resolved and withdrawn dates, and every version of the question the customer saw: if you change the question after they answer, the answer is marked for your review. Clamp does not send reminders, so follow up on open decisions yourself. Decisions are requests and answers, not signed contract terms. If an answer changes scope, price or contractual time, use a signed change order. For news that needs no answer, use a project update instead. The portal labels those updates "Not part of your agreement."

Put contractual selections and allowances in the proposal, use milestones to define the production events that follow, and use a change order whenever a customer answer changes the signed agreement.

Related

Sources & provenance

  1. Profitable Sales: A Contractor's Guide Michael C. Stone (book)
  2. Estimating Construction Profitably Michael C. Stone (book)
  3. How to Write a Construction Proposal Clamp Research
  4. How to Write and Price a Change Order Clamp Research
  5. How to Set Construction Milestones Clamp Research
  6. How to Coordinate a Remodeling Jobsite: Crew, Subs, Photos, and Schedule Clamp Research
  7. How to Close Out a Remodeling Job: Punch List, Final Payment, Warranty, and Handoff Clamp Research
  8. The Clamp Customer Portal: What Your Customer Sees Clamp Research
Changes: Oct 9, 2026: Initial publication.